What to expect before, during and after a smear test

We'll guide you through some simple things to avoid before your test, explain how the procedure will be carried out, and discuss some common things you may experience afterwards. Every question is important, and we're here to ensure you feel reassured and informed every step of the way.

Prior to your cervical screening appointment, it's likely you'll be asked to avoid a few things to ensure your results are as accurate as possible. These include:^[2]

1. Having sex

It's best to avoid penetrative sex (sex where a penis or sex toy enters your vagina) for up to two days before your appointment. This can help provide the clearest results.

2. Using vaginal medicines

If you're using any vaginal creams, medications, or vaginal suppositories (medications that are inserted into your vagina), try to stop using them for at least two days before your pap test. It's understandable to feel worried about stopping any prescribed treatments, and you shouldn't come off your medication without informing your doctor. Having a chat with them before your smear test can ease any concerns and give them the chance to answer any questions you might have.

3. Using spermicidal foams, creams, or jellies

If you use vaginal spermicides (substances that are inserted into the vagina to kill sperm and prevent unwanted pregnancy) as part of your birth control routine, it's a good idea to avoid using them for at least two days before your test. This helps ensure that nothing interferes with the results and can give you peace of mind—knowing your test results are as accurate as possible. 

These precautions can help you get the most accurate results by preventing anything from washing away or hiding abnormal cells. It's normal to have questions, especially if avoiding any of these things will disrupt your regular care routine. If this is the case, it's a good idea to share these concerns with your healthcare provider before your appointment so they can provide some extra guidance.

Can I attend a smear test while I'm on my period?

It's generally not recommended to have a smear test while you're on your period, and your doctor or nurse might suggest rescheduling it if you are. While having the test during your period won't harm you, the presence of blood on a swab can make it more difficult to detect abnormal cells, potentially leading to less accurate results.^[3] So, it's best to book your appointment for a time when you're not bleeding. However, if you're only experiencing light spotting, it's usually fine to go ahead with your smear test, as a small amount of vaginal bleeding is unlikely to interfere with the results.^[3]

The days leading up to a smear test can be nerve-wracking, especially if it's your first appointment. It's completely normal to feel anxious, and you are not alone in feeling this way.

Understanding what to expect during your appointment can help calm those nerves, as it ensures there are no surprises on the day. Let's take it step by step, so you can feel more at ease and prepared for your visit.

How is a smear test done?

1. Arriving at your appointment

You will be greeted by your doctor or nurse who will likely ask you some general questions about your health, much like they would at any other doctor's appointment. These questions are routine and nothing to be worried about, so try not to feel anxious if you're asked about your health history, sexual history or any symptoms you may have experienced. If it helps, consider bringing a friend or loved one with you for support - having someone there with you can make the experience easier.

2. Getting ready

You'll be given some privacy, typically behind a curtain, to undress from the waist down. It's perfectly natural to feel a bit uncomfortable about this, but your doctor or nurse will give you a sheet to cover yourself to help you feel a little more comfortable. It might also be comforting to remember that doctors and nurses perform these medical procedures regularly and are committed to helping you feel at ease throughout the process. You can also request the doctor or nurse be of a specific gender if this is something that will help you feel more comfortable.

3. Settling in

Once you're undressed, you'll be asked to lie down on the examination bed with your knees bent. This position is used to make sure the doctor can comfortably and effectively carry out the smear test.^[4]

4. Beginning the procedure

When you’re ready, the doctor will gently insert a smooth, tube-shaped tool called a speculum into your vagina. The doctor may use some lubricant to make the process more comfortable for you. Taking deep breaths can also make this part easier. It's completely understandable if this step causes some anxiety, but it might be reassuring to remember that you can ask the doctor to pause or stop the process at any time.

5. Collecting the sample

They will then gently open the speculum to view your cervical canal (the passage within the cervix that connects the uterus cavity to the vagina) and cervix (the lower, narrow part of the uterus that connects to the top of the vagina). The doctor will then use a soft-bristled smear test brush to lightly collect a sample of cells. This part of the procedure might feel a bit unusual or uncomfortable, but it shouldn't be painful. If you do experience any pain, it's completely ok to let your doctor or nurse know, as they can make adjustments to help you feel more comfortable.

6. Finishing up

Once the cell sample has been collected, the doctor will leave you to get dressed and send your sample to the lab for testing. You can then leave and carry on your day as normal, whether that's lounging around on the sofa or having a cup of coffee with a friend.^[5]

Does a smear test hurt?

It's natural to worry that your smear test will be painful. Fortunately, a smear test doesn't usually cause any pain, but it might feel uncomfortable. However, everyone experiences pain differently, and that's perfectly okay. 

For some of us, a smear test might come with a few more challenges or feel a little more painful. This might be the case for those who struggle with conditions like endometriosis, vaginismus or vulvodynia. There are also some psychological factors that could make a smear test feel a bit uncomfortable or overwhelming.^[6] If you have experienced medical trauma or are a survivor of sexual assault, it's understandable that you may find the test difficult. Remember, your feelings are perfectly valid, and it's important to treat yourself with the compassion you need during this time.

If this resonates with you, it's completely okay to let your doctor know about your feelings and any specific triggers. They can work with you to make the experience as comfortable as possible. This might involve setting a pace for the procedure that suits you or requesting a specific gender of doctor or nurse. You are in control of the situation, and it's okay to express your needs and boundaries.

While having a smear test is important for your health, it is ultimately your choice. It's always ok to discuss any concerns or past experiences with your doctor or nurse, as they are there to offer support and help you feel more at ease. You deserve to feel heard and respected.

Waiting for your smear test results